Biochar is a carbon-rich material created through the process of pyrolysis, which involves heating organic biomass (such as wood, plant residues, or manure) at high temperatures in the absence of oxygen. This process locks in carbon and produces a material that can be used for multiple environmental and agricultural benefits.

The pyrolysis process is essential in the production of biochar, a carbon-rich material obtained through the thermal decomposition of organic matter (such as agricultural waste, wood, or biomass) in the absence or limited presence of oxygen.

This means the material is heated to high temperatures (usually between 300°C and 900°C) without allowing complete combustion, leading to the production of biochar, along with gases and liquids (known as by-products).